DEMOCRATIC RIGHTS AND AI SURVEILLANCE IN INDIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1956/jge.v22i3.941Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence (AI), Surveillance, Democratic Rights, Privacy, IndiaAbstract
There are significant worries about how artificial intelligence (AI) will affect democratic rights in India due to its increasing use in surveillance systems. This study looks at how AI-driven technologies, like facial recognition systems and data-based policing, affect privacy, accountability, and the power of the state. While these technologies are often defended for reasons of national security and operational efficiency, they pose significant challenges to basic rights, especially privacy, freedom of expression, and personal liberty. The study uses a qualitative and analytical approach, referencing constitutional laws, policy changes, and court decisions. It specifically discusses the important ruling of Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, which recognized the right to privacy as a fundamental right under the Indian Constitution. The research also engages with current discussions on AI ethics, governance, and regulations around surveillance. It assesses how well India’s existing legal and institutional protections are working. The findings suggest that the fast growth of AI surveillance without proper oversight could lead to risks like data misuse, profiling, discrimination, and loss of civil liberties. The study concludes that while AI can potentially improve governance and efficiency, its use should be paired with strong democratic protections. It is crucial to ensure transparency, accountability, and strong legal frameworks to prevent abuse and safeguard constitutional rights. A careful regulatory approach is necessary to balance technological progress with the protection of democratic values in the digital age.
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